Nursing care plans that are related to the endocrine system and metabolism.
Symptoms
A symptom of thyroid and metabolic disease may be similar to that of caffeine overdose. The classic signs of hyperthyroidism include fatigue, constipation, anxiety, shakiness, and increased appetite. Many women experience an increase in appetite and weight loss as well. Interestingly, thyroid problems tend to affect women more than men, but men can also develop these disorders. If you suspect that you may be suffering from thyroid disease, it is important to consult a physician as soon as possible.
The presence of both thyroid disease and metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing both diseases. Thyroid dysfunction can influence various metabolic parameters, including blood pressure, body weight, and lipid levels. It can even lead to metabolic syndrome, which has many common symptoms. This condition affects both men and women, and is a common precursor to heart disease and diabetes. Thyroid disease may affect both men and women, and it’s important to recognize if your symptoms are indicative of either one.
Causes
Endocrine and metabolic disease are disorders of the glands that regulate metabolism. Endocrine disorders are divided into primary and secondary types. Primary endocrine diseases result from overproduction of hormones or from insufficiency of hormone secretions. Primary endocrine diseases affect all glands but are most common in the pancreas, ovaries, and adrenal glands. Endocrine disorders have no obvious cause but can be a symptom of other conditions.
Common endocrine disorders include diabetes mellitus, acromegaly, and decreased production of certain hormones by the adrenal glands. Women, for example, are more likely to develop thyroid cancer than men, and people with weak immune systems are more susceptible to developing cancer. A physical examination will identify affected body parts, and neurological tests will help determine if reflexes, balance, and mental status are normal. Blood, urine, and stool tests will also detect abnormal levels of hormones or glucose in the blood.
Treatment
Patients with endocrine and metabolic disorders can benefit from treatment options that address the root cause of their condition. Endocrine disorders include diabetes, adrenal gland disease, and Cushing’s syndrome. The treatment of endocrine disorders focuses on correcting hormone imbalances and balancing hormone levels. Some treatments may include surgery to remove tumors or medication. Some endocrine disorders are symptomless and can be managed through lifestyle changes or prescription medication.
Diagnosing endocrine disorders can be challenging, as symptoms can mimic other ailments. If you notice unusual changes in your body, contact a physician. Fortunately, most endocrine disorders are treatable. While some of these conditions may not require hospitalization, if symptoms persist or worsen over time, you should seek immediate medical care. Your doctor will be able to determine the exact cause of your condition, as well as a treatment plan.
Transition to adult care
Transition to adult care programs for adolescents with chronic endocrine and metabolic disorders have proven successful. These programs emphasize self-management education, skills training, joint provider sessions, and the use of specialised young adult clinics. The challenges in the transition to adult care can be addressed by addressing noninstitutional barriers, such as perceptions of roles and beliefs held by parents and patients. In addition, patients and families should be encouraged to share concerns and questions at the next clinic appointment.
In general, pediatricians should consider transitioning to adult care and be ready to catch older adolescents and young adults with chronic illnesses. The authors describe the concepts for transitioning to adult care for patients with PWS, GHD, and TS. The recommended approach to receive new patients for endocrine and metabolic care plans should include the assessment of patient skill sets and a discussion of the final phase of the transition.
